1
Understanding Number Systems and Operations
Learning Objectives
1 Interpret the Arabic number system and the Roman numeral system. (Section 1.1)
2 Analyze fractions and be able to compare fractions, express fractions as decimals, and find common denominators. (Section 1.2)
3 Manipulate fractions by adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing them. (Section 1.2)
4 Discuss the place values of decimals as well as how to write and read decimals. (Section 1.3)
5 Manipulate decimals by adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing them. (Section 1.3)
For a key to the body system icons that appear in each chapter of this textbook, refer to the Preface.
6 Demonstrate the rounding of decimals. (Section 1.3)
7 Describe scientific notation, significant figures, and measurement accuracy. (Section 1.4)
8 Perform pharmacy calculations while retaining accuracy and the correct number of significant figures. (Section 1.4)
9 Use estimation to verify whether a calculated drug dose is reasonable. (Section 1.5)
ASHP/ACPE Accreditation Standards
To view the ASHP/ACPE Accreditation Standards addressed in this chapter, refer to Appendix D.
Working in a healthcare setting often requires you to have number sense, or the ability to know what numbers and symbols mean, understand how numbers relate to one another, and apply your knowledge of numbers to real-world settings. Number sense is the foundation for understanding number systems, fractions, decimals, scientific notation, significant figures, and estimation. These skills are critical to the preparation, filling, and dispensing of medications.